A methodological approach to geoinformation modelling of urban underground real estate use scenarios based on game theory has been developed. The proposed approach is aimed at reconciling the economic, urban-planning, engineering, safety, and public interests of the main stakeholders involved in underground space development, including municipal authorities, investors, residents, and utility infrastructure operators. The information framework of the study comprises cadastral and urban-planning data, information on underground utility networks, geological and hydrogeological conditions, transport accessibility, building and population density, real estate values, investment costs, and the demand for protective structures. The methodological approach includes the development of a geoinformation database, spatial analysis of influencing factors, indicator normalization, determination of stakeholder payoff functions, construction of a strategy matrix, and identification of an equilibrium scenario based on the Nash equilibrium. The alternative underground real estate use scenarios considered include underground parking, a dual-purpose protective structure, a commercial and service facility, a transport and logistics facility, and a multifunctional underground complex. The modelling results provide spatial zoning of the territory according to priority underground space use scenarios and identify compromise solutions that balance private and public interests. The practical significance of the approach lies in its potential application to support managerial decision-making, justify investment choices, reduce spatial conflicts, and improve the efficiency of urban underground space use.
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