Soil contamination is one of the most significant environmental problems of our time. Contamination due to military activities, such as the use of explosives, chemical weapons, military equipment, and fuel and lubricants, is particularly severe, as these substances can enter the environment. As a result, toxic substances can infiltrate groundwater, contaminating water resources used for drinking and irrigation; destroy vegetation and change the composition of soil microorganisms, negatively impacting ecosystems; and reduce agricultural crop yields, leading to economic losses. Additionally, toxic substances from contaminated soils can be taken up by plants grown on these soils and, through the food chain, affect human health, causing diseases such as cancer, liver and kidney damage, and respiratory problems. Therefore, developing and implementing effective soil cleaning and restoration methods is crucial. For this purpose, the authors have chosen phytoremediation using energy crops – a promising approach that combines environmental soil cleanup with renewable energy production, enabling the restoration of degraded soils and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Further research and development of technologies could enhance the effectiveness of this method and its widespread application.
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