Study of the activity of volcanoes using remote sensing data and GIS technologies

The purpose of the implemented research is to study application of GIS technologies for processing remote sensing data on the example of the Cumbre Vieja volcano eruption. The object of the research is eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcano, comprising the southern half of the Spanish island of La Palma in the Canary Islands, which began on September 19, 2021 at 15:12 local time and officially ended on December 25, 2021. Since the main task of the work is to to study GIS methods to analyse consequences of the volcano eruption the several approaches of GIS analysis were applied. In the first part of the research, we analyzed various band compositions to get proper results and to highlight the lava flows and make their outlines more visible. Next step was to study applications of vegetation indices and as final part there was implementation of image classification for representing the results. We applied this approach to space images obtained for 3 different periods (30.09.21, 10.10.21, 9.12.21) and created a map showing the surface covered with lava and volcanic sediments, which gives the opportunity to visually display the processes of volcanic activity and its progress. The conducted studies showed that the means of geo-informational analysis and the use of remote sensing data provide opportunities for effective monitoring and follow-up of the consequences of volcanic activity. At the same time, it should be noted that for each case of volcanic activity, it is necessary to use separate approaches, due to different natural conditions, which have a significant impact on the content and quality of space images.