The Ukrainian Carpathians are a region with unfavourable natural phenomena such as soil erosion, landslides, mudslides and flooding in river valleys. Forests in this area are crucial for the stability of the environment, as they play an important role in maintaining biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services, including erosion control and water regulation. These ecological functions are primarily supported by the most abundant tree species such as beech (Fagus sylvatica) and spruce (Picea abies), whose distribution is influenced by the vertical and zonal climatic and edaphic conditions of the region. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer considerable advantages for the study of soil erosion in these mountainous regions. GIS can be integrated with soil erosion models to simulate different scenarios under different forest management practices at spatial and temporal scales. This integration facilitates the assessment of soil erosion outcomes in response to changing environmental conditions, enables the identification of areas at risk of erosion and supports the development of targeted forest management strategies to mitigate these risks.
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